从2004年起每年底都效仿《新周刊》盘点一下当年自己的所作所为和所见所闻。今年不总结了,国内外不靠谱的事太多,重新提起不免让人郁闷。另外这一年里从事的 project 其实不少,其中一些还算有了一点成果,不过对于圈子以外的人意义都不是很大,也就不拿出来显摆了。做了这么多事导致的疲惫,当然也是不想再翻看一年来的 entries 写总结的原因之一。
还是说说2007年带给我的几个感受好了。
- 信息的过量:我感觉我已经 stack overflow 了 ;),在 RSS 阅读器里订阅了 BBC 和 the Economist 的 feed,还有 [Science Blogs](http://scienceblogs.com/) 和 [lifehacker](http://lifehacker.org/),本意是保持一下对时事的关注,但现在完全不敢打开阅读器了,因为这几个都是一天上百篇 entries 的主,我有空的时间看看 [douban.com](http://www.douban.com/) 和水木以及 [A9VG](http://bbs.a9vg.com/) 也就差不多了,而且,开始脑残工作一年多以来,觉得这几个 feed 跟我的兴趣越来越不相关,也许是时候整理一下订阅了。另外,硬盘上越来越大的 ebook 目录也是个不小的问题,不过这个至少看起来觉得很舒坦——有那么多好书可以读。
- 从全球化到一体化:从天朝的猪肉涨价到世界范围内的燃油涨价再到英国的面粉涨价,全都是全球经济机器运作的结果且互相联系;Internet 的发展推动着全球文化的趋同;越来越多的异地恋在代表着离别和孤独的同时,也在暗示着人的流动性和渗透性在不断加强。当然这并不仅仅是2007年一年的趋势,但一切都有新的变化:经济上,越来越多的 player 进入了国际市场,而影响经济现象的因素变得更多更复杂,其中一些——例如环境——的影响日益显著;文化方面,虽然文化的趋同是每一年都会被人提起的老生常谈,但主流的文化正在拥抱非主流的文化,二者日益融为一体,或者至少更多地互相包容了,这也许比过去吞并式的文化融合要好一些。
- "Free(Open) Your Mind" 的吊诡:虽然这三个字被众多的 geek, hacker 和 nerd 们奉为真理,但是 Free Software/Open Source 这两个概念几十年来不停的互相掐架似乎就说明它同时也是最容易被忽略的建议。人人都喜欢维护和推荐自己喜欢的东西,而别人与自己或主流不同的做法往往就被看作是错误的或不可取的。要保持一个开放的心态看待异类总是很困难,不仅 IT 界如此,生活的其他方面也往往如此。
- 最看不懂的:Social Network Systems。尤其看不懂 Facebook 的成功,这个应用对我来说几乎没有任何黏着力,也许是我这一年都没有什么 socialising 的缘故吧 XD。当然,也有人不理解 twitter 为什么成功,但是我使用 fanfou 之后还是稍微明白一点了。
- 中文互联网:娱乐至死的典范。当然,从财务报表上看都活得好好的,但是精神都死了。有太多的克隆 facebook 和 youtube 的没有自己灵魂的僵尸网站。如果说 facebook 和 youtube 曾经恶俗的话,至少它们现在正在通过用户自己的 applications 和 clips 创造有价值的内容,相比之下国内这类网站还处于鼓励恶俗的阶段。套用一个奥威尔的句式,如果有希望,希望在 bloggers 中间。随着 blog 专业性的增强,也许在08年我可以看到它们的继续兴盛。
- 我的本行:这一年来我问自己最多的两个问题是自己做的东西有没有用和这个世界是否是在走向更好的状态。前者也许是每一个永久性脑残的人都会在取得学位之前无数次质问自己的问题,与工业有联系的人也许可以问得少一些。对我来说,做的是一个已经政策上板上钉钉而又看起来没有直接的经济价值的东西,连解释它背后的概念都得花半天时间,也许问自己这种问题的时候会更多一些。夏天被拒绝了实地考察的机会后,几乎想放弃了。不过[看了 Contact 之后](http://www.snakehsu.info/sigma_c/2007/10/-contact-1.html),我想科学还是形而上的目的比较重要,用它来养活自己和家人乃至为社会创造有形财富都是副产品,在当前阶段还不必为了它而放弃终极的目的。第二个问题,也许是 science freak 们面对现实世界时都会有的无奈吧。这一年中环境方面的负面消息也很多,我现在对于国际努力改变现状的时效性持怀疑态度,作为个人,只能说尽量做好自己应该做的,减小自己的 footprint ,再做一个考虑环境的消费者吧。至于放生(把家养的泥鳅鲤鱼什么的往河里倒)和作秀式的环境保护,乃至以环保之名骗取地方利益的,我坚决地表示反对。
- 宅与计算机维修技术:我发现我与 otaku 和 geek 这两个概念都有相当的距离,不过这不妨碍我有时以它们的方式生活并且自得其乐。也许当信息和物质生活都丰富到一定程度的时候,宅起来只关注自己感兴趣的信息,只和同好打交道,会是很大一部分人选择的生活方式。我目前有点朝 FPS 宅和 SF 宅发展的趋势,当然修为还远远不够。2007年是我不间断地使用 Linux 作为主要操作系统的第3(4?)年。现在用 Linux 的人那么多,有点“大腕”式的“人开口都说 LFS 和 cluster,都不好意思说自己用 gentoo”的味道,同时我发现自己已经从 Windows power user 退化成了小白,帮女朋友重装系统都不会了,囧。最近几个月试图在 Gentoo/Linux 基础上 DIY 一套类似 Ubuntu Studio 的系统搞艺术,不过现在因为各种 project 太多暂时搁置下来了。
- 还有关于人们为什么去登珠峰这个问题的回答,在 New Scientist 圣诞特辑的一篇文章里,个人觉得比马洛里的“因为山在那里”更酷:
> Just because we can.
2007年看来对我来说还是很丰富的一年。总的说来,过了这么一年,不亏。
搜索此博客
2007年12月31日星期一
2007年12月28日星期五
I Am Legend 观后感
欧美人民看来都很喜欢这类片子。昨天提前一刻钟到电影院,被告知票卖完了,不得已只好等了一个半小时看晚上9:30的场,结果还是几乎座无虚席。
先说那个把我震慑了的 idea。原作里的病毒是军队开发的生化武器,电影里如果照搬的话不免有点太像 Bio Hazard/Resident Evil。改编后的剧本提到了人们利用病毒定向攻击癌细胞治疗癌症,却不料病毒发生变异……还是觉得不够有创意?那也完全正常,因为我们正在做类似的事。病毒的,或者准确地说 RNA 的逆转录能力,早已是基因工程中不可缺少的工具。目前逆转录病毒的作用仅仅是把需要的物质带进细胞,没有什么危险,不过这个细节的警告意味已经足够强烈。
影片制作最牛的地方应该是封了纽约6个街区,以及调动了一千名群众演员和一百多国民警卫队拍疏散的戏。大街上长满了草的纽约有一种奇特的熟悉和陌生交织的感觉,有点像当年看《人猿星球》,大概是觉得它很荒诞,也很悲凉。疏散的那场戏,士兵拿个虹膜扫描器挨个给人检查,中国和东南亚的观众一定很有感觉……
Will Smith 的表演得到了很多好评,不过我觉得他最出彩的两个镜头是跟塑料模特说话的一场和为了自保不得不痛下杀手的一场。其余的感觉比起 I, Robot 里也没有太大进步。不过对于一个动作片出身的演员,这样的表现实在已经很让人惊喜了。期待他以后的剧情片。
好话说完,这片子的缺点只有两个,但是无处不在——一是没逻辑。有时候没逻辑到只能用“上帝告诉我的”这种台词来解释。有些设定上也是只考虑了画面的需要而忽略了科学性。有些小细节还算有意思,比如用某种可燃液体掩盖自己的踪迹,但大的逻辑有问题,这些东西也就没太大作用了。二是太多的 CG。后期的高潮戏一群 vampire 像 LotR 里的 orcs 一样狼奔豕突,好像反倒没有前面 Robert 一个人撞见一群熟睡的 vampire 那样有感觉。而且 CG 的质量看来也不好恭维,本来 vampire 不用做毛发算是很讨巧了,但是很多场面的观感还是不自然,在大量 vampires 同时出现或者场景中有主要演员时尤甚,也许是技术能力的问题吧。另外考虑到本片的导演也执导了 Constantine,浓厚的宗教味道和 CG 的过分运用也就不奇怪了……
原作小说设定据说比影片复杂很多,但影片还是连一些比较简单的原作设定也没有表现,fans 们对此颇有微词。什么时候找来小说看看,应该会更有收获。
先说那个把我震慑了的 idea。原作里的病毒是军队开发的生化武器,电影里如果照搬的话不免有点太像 Bio Hazard/Resident Evil。改编后的剧本提到了人们利用病毒定向攻击癌细胞治疗癌症,却不料病毒发生变异……还是觉得不够有创意?那也完全正常,因为我们正在做类似的事。病毒的,或者准确地说 RNA 的逆转录能力,早已是基因工程中不可缺少的工具。目前逆转录病毒的作用仅仅是把需要的物质带进细胞,没有什么危险,不过这个细节的警告意味已经足够强烈。
影片制作最牛的地方应该是封了纽约6个街区,以及调动了一千名群众演员和一百多国民警卫队拍疏散的戏。大街上长满了草的纽约有一种奇特的熟悉和陌生交织的感觉,有点像当年看《人猿星球》,大概是觉得它很荒诞,也很悲凉。疏散的那场戏,士兵拿个虹膜扫描器挨个给人检查,中国和东南亚的观众一定很有感觉……
Will Smith 的表演得到了很多好评,不过我觉得他最出彩的两个镜头是跟塑料模特说话的一场和为了自保不得不痛下杀手的一场。其余的感觉比起 I, Robot 里也没有太大进步。不过对于一个动作片出身的演员,这样的表现实在已经很让人惊喜了。期待他以后的剧情片。
好话说完,这片子的缺点只有两个,但是无处不在——一是没逻辑。有时候没逻辑到只能用“上帝告诉我的”这种台词来解释。有些设定上也是只考虑了画面的需要而忽略了科学性。有些小细节还算有意思,比如用某种可燃液体掩盖自己的踪迹,但大的逻辑有问题,这些东西也就没太大作用了。二是太多的 CG。后期的高潮戏一群 vampire 像 LotR 里的 orcs 一样狼奔豕突,好像反倒没有前面 Robert 一个人撞见一群熟睡的 vampire 那样有感觉。而且 CG 的质量看来也不好恭维,本来 vampire 不用做毛发算是很讨巧了,但是很多场面的观感还是不自然,在大量 vampires 同时出现或者场景中有主要演员时尤甚,也许是技术能力的问题吧。另外考虑到本片的导演也执导了 Constantine,浓厚的宗教味道和 CG 的过分运用也就不奇怪了……
原作小说设定据说比影片复杂很多,但影片还是连一些比较简单的原作设定也没有表现,fans 们对此颇有微词。什么时候找来小说看看,应该会更有收获。
Labels:
流水帐,
I Am Legend,
virus,
Will Smith
2007年12月27日星期四
2007年12月20日星期四
完成了一本开源小册子的翻译
这本小册子32开本,68页,我大概拖沓延宕了一年?翻译页面上的版本信息表明我是在今年1月开始的,想想觉得真奇幻……或者很魔幻?
这本小册子对我来说还是很难翻译的,很多表述英文里完全正常,用中文的话总是有那么一点欠缺。大概我的水平还是太有限,信达雅三者往往只能争取信,多数时候还可以达,雅就谈不上了。而且中间由于回国的时候上网不便和天天耽于享乐(嘿嘿),中断了几个月,前后的一致性恐怕也成问题。我自己收获倒是不小,对于它介绍的 i18n 和 l10n 有了更深一步的理解。
这个项目总共有六本小册子,我一个人搞完了其中两本的翻译,不想再搞其余的了,因为翻译过程基本就是我一人在工作,上一本完成的时候还有一个人帮忙完成了校对,一人完成了 PDF 版本的制作,项目组织者完成了 wikibook 和原网站的上传,目前这本不知道还能不能找得到人校对了。与我翻译的第一本同时开始的还有两本同系列的小册子,目前看上去还没有人理会,还几乎停留在一片空白的状态。
其实我在上半年回国的时候给网站的组织者发信说需要找人接手,而几个月过去后还是我一个人从落下的地方开始翻译的事情,就暴露了问题。这种志愿者通过网络组织起来的活动形式最大的优势应该是在于合作,但是组织者似乎没能建立一种机制方便合作。首先是项目的建立和管理,没有一个优先级的标志,也没有资源分配的机制,大家凭自己的兴趣可以任意地建立和认领项目。这在 wiki 一类的大型网站和一些主题确定的 fan site 也许是行得通的,但一个用户少,活跃用户更少的小网站这样做只是导致资源被稀释。第二,没有激励机制和同伴压力。对于志愿者来说,定一个 deadline 其实并不会把他们吓跑,只要 deadline 和工作量的制定是在协商和试错的基础上进行的。如果有一支10个人的志愿者队伍,每周给每个人一页32开小册子的翻译量,现在这六本册子也早就翻译完了。而当我一个人在翻译,其他人在讨论完全不相干的问题的时候,我简直连同伴动力都没有了。第三是纯技术的问题,网站使用 [drupal](http://drupal.org/) 做内容管理和版本控制,本身也并不鼓励松散的,跨越地理位置的合作(连 revision diff 这样的功能都没有)。如果使用 git 或者 subversion 一类的版本控制系统,搭配 [trac](http://trac.edgewall.org/),或者起码用 [mediawiki](http://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/MediaWiki) 这样的可以支持 diff 和讨论页的平台,我会更有兴趣写一下 change log 并参与到对别人工作的讨论当中的。
以上的这些牢骚都是在与今年秋季我参加的另一个文档翻译项目——[Gentoo Weekly Newsletter](http://www.gentoo.org/news/zh_cn/gwn/gwn.xml) 的比较中发出的。GWN 的中文翻译提供了工业标准的工具:PO 文件和 git 管理下的 XML,良好而活跃的交流平台:Google Groups 和 irc,还有团队工作模式下 deadline 带来的适当的同伴压力……zhllg 实在是个 man of niubility。
这本小册子对我来说还是很难翻译的,很多表述英文里完全正常,用中文的话总是有那么一点欠缺。大概我的水平还是太有限,信达雅三者往往只能争取信,多数时候还可以达,雅就谈不上了。而且中间由于回国的时候上网不便和天天耽于享乐(嘿嘿),中断了几个月,前后的一致性恐怕也成问题。我自己收获倒是不小,对于它介绍的 i18n 和 l10n 有了更深一步的理解。
这个项目总共有六本小册子,我一个人搞完了其中两本的翻译,不想再搞其余的了,因为翻译过程基本就是我一人在工作,上一本完成的时候还有一个人帮忙完成了校对,一人完成了 PDF 版本的制作,项目组织者完成了 wikibook 和原网站的上传,目前这本不知道还能不能找得到人校对了。与我翻译的第一本同时开始的还有两本同系列的小册子,目前看上去还没有人理会,还几乎停留在一片空白的状态。
其实我在上半年回国的时候给网站的组织者发信说需要找人接手,而几个月过去后还是我一个人从落下的地方开始翻译的事情,就暴露了问题。这种志愿者通过网络组织起来的活动形式最大的优势应该是在于合作,但是组织者似乎没能建立一种机制方便合作。首先是项目的建立和管理,没有一个优先级的标志,也没有资源分配的机制,大家凭自己的兴趣可以任意地建立和认领项目。这在 wiki 一类的大型网站和一些主题确定的 fan site 也许是行得通的,但一个用户少,活跃用户更少的小网站这样做只是导致资源被稀释。第二,没有激励机制和同伴压力。对于志愿者来说,定一个 deadline 其实并不会把他们吓跑,只要 deadline 和工作量的制定是在协商和试错的基础上进行的。如果有一支10个人的志愿者队伍,每周给每个人一页32开小册子的翻译量,现在这六本册子也早就翻译完了。而当我一个人在翻译,其他人在讨论完全不相干的问题的时候,我简直连同伴动力都没有了。第三是纯技术的问题,网站使用 [drupal](http://drupal.org/) 做内容管理和版本控制,本身也并不鼓励松散的,跨越地理位置的合作(连 revision diff 这样的功能都没有)。如果使用 git 或者 subversion 一类的版本控制系统,搭配 [trac](http://trac.edgewall.org/),或者起码用 [mediawiki](http://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/MediaWiki) 这样的可以支持 diff 和讨论页的平台,我会更有兴趣写一下 change log 并参与到对别人工作的讨论当中的。
以上的这些牢骚都是在与今年秋季我参加的另一个文档翻译项目——[Gentoo Weekly Newsletter](http://www.gentoo.org/news/zh_cn/gwn/gwn.xml) 的比较中发出的。GWN 的中文翻译提供了工业标准的工具:PO 文件和 git 管理下的 XML,良好而活跃的交流平台:Google Groups 和 irc,还有团队工作模式下 deadline 带来的适当的同伴压力……zhllg 实在是个 man of niubility。
Labels:
翻译,
流水帐,
GWN,
Happy Hacking
未来两个月观影计划
用来改变、推迟和取消的(笑)。
首先,如果明天导师放我过圣诞节,不给我布置太多强制性任务的话,我想去看 [I'm Not There](http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0368794/) 和 [I am Legend](http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0480249/)。理由:看Cate Branchett 反串的 Bob Dylan;看一部科幻片。
12月26日 [the Kite Runner](http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0419887/),看看评论再说。小说原著还得搁几年再读,如果到时候人们还没有遗忘它的话。
1月4日 [Lust, Caution](http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0808357/),我未必承受得了,估计是不会去看了,不过在这里表示一下对李安导演、梁朝伟先生和汤唯女士的支持和钦佩,你们的下一部片子如果不是关乎国恨家仇,我一定一一捧场。
1月11日 [4 Months, 3 Weeks, 2 Days](http://www.imdb.com/title/tt1032846/),评价很高,想看看它是如何讲这个故事的。同一天还有 [Charlie Wilson's War](http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0472062/),不过担心它太意识形态或者太娱乐了,还有大嘴姐姐对这类角色的把握究竟如何,没有时间可能就不看了。
1月25日 [In the Valley of Elah](http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0478134/),希望战争在这里不仅是背景和噱头,还能是剖析的对象。
首先,如果明天导师放我过圣诞节,不给我布置太多强制性任务的话,我想去看 [I'm Not There](http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0368794/) 和 [I am Legend](http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0480249/)。理由:看Cate Branchett 反串的 Bob Dylan;看一部科幻片。
12月26日 [the Kite Runner](http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0419887/),看看评论再说。小说原著还得搁几年再读,如果到时候人们还没有遗忘它的话。
1月4日 [Lust, Caution](http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0808357/),我未必承受得了,估计是不会去看了,不过在这里表示一下对李安导演、梁朝伟先生和汤唯女士的支持和钦佩,你们的下一部片子如果不是关乎国恨家仇,我一定一一捧场。
1月11日 [4 Months, 3 Weeks, 2 Days](http://www.imdb.com/title/tt1032846/),评价很高,想看看它是如何讲这个故事的。同一天还有 [Charlie Wilson's War](http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0472062/),不过担心它太意识形态或者太娱乐了,还有大嘴姐姐对这类角色的把握究竟如何,没有时间可能就不看了。
1月25日 [In the Valley of Elah](http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0478134/),希望战争在这里不仅是背景和噱头,还能是剖析的对象。
ET too bored by Earth transmissions to respond - New Scientist Space
[ET too bored by Earth transmissions to respond](http://space.newscientist.com/article/dn13096-et-too-bored-by-earth-transmissions-to-respond.html)
Interesting idea. Extra-terrestrial life may have already received too many radio signals that are plain and dull so they do not have a lot of incentives to reply. More meaningful and thought provoking information is being drafted and sent to space. If there are alien scientists out there they may well find such information worth a look.
But what is really interesting is the comment below the article there on NewScientist website. Just like Carl Sagan predicted in a more drastic way, you got all kinds of reactions to the vision that some aliens (probably much more advanced than we mankind) may pick up the signal and decide if they will visit us. There are self-inflicted discrimination, loathing the world, and of course worries about potential Armageddon. Are we really mature enough to start active SETI? We still have got a few generation's time at least before the signal reaches somebody out there, but mankind may need much more than that to become used to have a neighbour, or many neighbours.
Interesting idea. Extra-terrestrial life may have already received too many radio signals that are plain and dull so they do not have a lot of incentives to reply. More meaningful and thought provoking information is being drafted and sent to space. If there are alien scientists out there they may well find such information worth a look.
But what is really interesting is the comment below the article there on NewScientist website. Just like Carl Sagan predicted in a more drastic way, you got all kinds of reactions to the vision that some aliens (probably much more advanced than we mankind) may pick up the signal and decide if they will visit us. There are self-inflicted discrimination, loathing the world, and of course worries about potential Armageddon. Are we really mature enough to start active SETI? We still have got a few generation's time at least before the signal reaches somebody out there, but mankind may need much more than that to become used to have a neighbour, or many neighbours.
2007年12月17日星期一
Multi-objective decision-making in environmental management
[Informed multi-objective decision-making in environmental management using Pareto optimality](http://www.blackwell-synergy.com/doi/full/10.1111/j.1365-2664.2007.01367.x)
Multi-objective decision making has been the feature of many environmental management cases, yet there is no effective solutions to optimisation problems with multiple objectives. This article proposes non-dominated Pareto optimisation and an evolutionary algorithm that can approximate the non-dominated Pareto frontier. A case study is provided.
The problem seems to be the spatial complexity, which is especially announced in environmental studies, as well as the algorithm's intrinsic complexity. One assumption of this algorithm that cannot be ignored is that approximation to optimised decisions will produce results approximate to the optimised result, which may not always be valid in the non-linear world.
The result space is potentially very large and needs to be reduced to a few decision alternatives that can be understood and chosen from by the decision-maker.
Despite all these possible caveats, this algorithm seems to be in the right direction towards a more holistic assessment and making of environment decisions. And potentially similar ideas can be applied in my research.
Multi-objective decision making has been the feature of many environmental management cases, yet there is no effective solutions to optimisation problems with multiple objectives. This article proposes non-dominated Pareto optimisation and an evolutionary algorithm that can approximate the non-dominated Pareto frontier. A case study is provided.
The problem seems to be the spatial complexity, which is especially announced in environmental studies, as well as the algorithm's intrinsic complexity. One assumption of this algorithm that cannot be ignored is that approximation to optimised decisions will produce results approximate to the optimised result, which may not always be valid in the non-linear world.
The result space is potentially very large and needs to be reduced to a few decision alternatives that can be understood and chosen from by the decision-maker.
Despite all these possible caveats, this algorithm seems to be in the right direction towards a more holistic assessment and making of environment decisions. And potentially similar ideas can be applied in my research.
2007年12月11日星期二
Palestinian Freedom of Speech banned in an UK university
This is a case in MY university. The Palestinian Society started a protest against Israel's illegal separation of Palestinians by erecting a miniature wall, and were stopped by the police and the ``wall'' dismantled. If you are interested to follow the link to [YouTube](http://youtube.com/watch?v=uZLwtit8GXM), pay attention to those insightful comments.
I should say the police officer's reason to stop the protest at the entrance of the library is reasonable: obstruction of highway. However his later compliment that the wall should not be erected again anywhere else seems to me unreasonable and a repression of freedom of speech. The Pal Soc definitely have the right to continue the protest without blocking any path.
On the other hand, the student who was arrested by the police may be intentionally irritating the police officer, or may be just a bit too excited. His arrest is an unfortunate result of the incident, however he should be responsible for that.
The real disturbing question is why would someone call the police. A list of possible callers would be: the university, or university on someone's behalf; someone who do not like what Pal Soc did; the Pal Soc itself. In the first case, the university will need not to seek this kind of resort, the security would be enough. Can the security be so afraid of those students? I don't think so. The second, someone who do not like the protest? Possible. And surely they find a good reason to stop the protest. The third case would be very unpleasant to think about, however the possibility is there.
Whatever the case is, the incident is telling that either the expression of legal political opinion is so unbearable to some people here in the university, or the Palestinian students are seeking ways of expression a bit more than the authority can tolerate. Both thinking are very unsettling. The cause of the incident can be the repression of freedom of speech enforced by the authority, or the doubt of Pal Soc on their right of freedom of speech. Neither is desirable. The police's command that the wall should not be erected again is wrong. But further judgment can only be made when more details about the incident is available. A petition is being organised in the university. See how the response goes.
Before further details are present and confirmed, please do not imply that there is any racial issue involved. The available information so far does not suggest anything like this.
Labels:
坐而论道,
freedom of speech,
Palestinian,
university
Workflow: from AVHRR L1B to GRASS raster
2007年12月7日星期五
Climate undulation may accelerated vanishing of Fremont Indian
[http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/318/5856/1540](http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/318/5856/1540)
This may not be the most exciting archaeology discovery in the history. As we already know that some tribes Indians have lived on the high cliffs in Utah which were virtually unreachable. However, the disappearing of these tribes from those cliffs reveals an unsettling question: was climate the driving factor?
Evidences show that the possibility is significant, as the article tells. However, what raised my interest to blog it was this paragraph:
> The impact was all the harder because of the previous and intervening wet years, researchers suspect. There's evidence that after each drought the Fremont rebounded as climate improved. "Each time they did that, there seems to be a population boom," says Steven Simms, a Fremont scholar and archaeologist at Utah State University in Logan. But those extra mouths to feed demanded more crops, leaving the culture even more vulnerable to the next dry spell.
This leads my thought to my research area, which was also struck by snowstorms and/or droughts almost every year. Nowadays the people there barely manage to recover after the disasters, therefore the population is only slowly increasing according to official census data. However, the case would be different if they are changed to another mode of life which is more resistant against natural disasters. Could a similar pattern appear afterwards? Will they become more resistant but less resilient and suddenly become fragile in the face of a major disaster? Or, anything similar has happened in the history?
This may not be the most exciting archaeology discovery in the history. As we already know that some tribes Indians have lived on the high cliffs in Utah which were virtually unreachable. However, the disappearing of these tribes from those cliffs reveals an unsettling question: was climate the driving factor?
Evidences show that the possibility is significant, as the article tells. However, what raised my interest to blog it was this paragraph:
> The impact was all the harder because of the previous and intervening wet years, researchers suspect. There's evidence that after each drought the Fremont rebounded as climate improved. "Each time they did that, there seems to be a population boom," says Steven Simms, a Fremont scholar and archaeologist at Utah State University in Logan. But those extra mouths to feed demanded more crops, leaving the culture even more vulnerable to the next dry spell.
This leads my thought to my research area, which was also struck by snowstorms and/or droughts almost every year. Nowadays the people there barely manage to recover after the disasters, therefore the population is only slowly increasing according to official census data. However, the case would be different if they are changed to another mode of life which is more resistant against natural disasters. Could a similar pattern appear afterwards? Will they become more resistant but less resilient and suddenly become fragile in the face of a major disaster? Or, anything similar has happened in the history?
Labels:
drought,
Geography,
history,
Mountaineous Indians
2007年12月6日星期四
My carbon footprint
This is an initiative by Google UK. [Here](http://www.google.co.uk/CarbonFootprint) is the link and it will become a new tab on your iGoogle page.
My carbon footprint currently is 2.2 tonnes, which is below UK average but my once or twice a year flight back home makes my travelling footprint very close to or exceeding UK average.
My carbon footprint currently is 2.2 tonnes, which is below UK average but my once or twice a year flight back home makes my travelling footprint very close to or exceeding UK average.
Labels:
流水帐,
carbon footprint
A flavour of AVHRR
In the past few days I have been trying to find suitable software and process for AVHRR data processing. The METOP AVHRR format looks like an enigma. It should be compatible to AVHRR, but despite that I tried hard to find a tool to unpack the file, and even tried to write a Fortran program myself, I couldn't find anything that decodes the file downloaded from [CLASS](http://www.class.noaa.gov/).
What made the search not totally fruitless is a image processing tool, [BEAM](http://www.brockmann-consult.de/beam/), which works nicely with AVHRR and a number of other data files. I can use it to open AVHRR 16-bit and 8-bit Level 1b file (10-bit not tested yet), do some simple preprocessing and statistics, then export the file as GeoTIFF or other formats, which can be read by GRASS GIS + GDAL. It is worth noting that BEAM is free as in free speech software published under GPL **v3** and can run on any platform with Java Runtime Environment.
With the help of BEAM and GRASS I managed to produce my first AVHRR-derived NDVI image this afternoon. Seems I am finally on track. In the coming days there are a number of things that I can look at:
- AVHRR Pathfinder data, their advantages and limits, suggested by one of my supervisor;
- Snow and ice cover mapping with AVHRR;
- Time series data and change detection;
- MODIS data and its interoperability with AVHRR.
What made the search not totally fruitless is a image processing tool, [BEAM](http://www.brockmann-consult.de/beam/), which works nicely with AVHRR and a number of other data files. I can use it to open AVHRR 16-bit and 8-bit Level 1b file (10-bit not tested yet), do some simple preprocessing and statistics, then export the file as GeoTIFF or other formats, which can be read by GRASS GIS + GDAL. It is worth noting that BEAM is free as in free speech software published under GPL **v3** and can run on any platform with Java Runtime Environment.
With the help of BEAM and GRASS I managed to produce my first AVHRR-derived NDVI image this afternoon. Seems I am finally on track. In the coming days there are a number of things that I can look at:
- AVHRR Pathfinder data, their advantages and limits, suggested by one of my supervisor;
- Snow and ice cover mapping with AVHRR;
- Time series data and change detection;
- MODIS data and its interoperability with AVHRR.
2007年12月3日星期一
自由的遥感图像处理解决方案?
因为工作的需要,最近一段时间的工作重点是搜集和处理遥感图像。具体要怎么处理还没有决定,只知道大概要做的东西包括几何校正,大气校正,geoencoding/registration,后期肯定会做 change detection。这些在 ERDAS Imagine 里面是相对简单的,基本都可以点点鼠标解决。但是目前学校的 IT staff 还没有给我的电脑装这套软件,为了立即开展工作我准备找一找自由/开源的替代方案。
在 [http://opensourcegis.org/](http://opensourcegis.org/) 上给出了一个比较全面的与 GIS/RS 有关的自由/开源项目的列表,虽然其中成气候的项目还很少,而且像 Imagemagick 和 Free Type 这样的通用项目都列上去了,不过这方面的开发工作确实比我想象的更多。在 [GDAL](http://www.gdal.org/) 出来后出现了很多 GIS 项目,但地学图像处理方面的软件相对还是很缺乏。
一番比较后我决定使用 [GRASS GIS](http://grass.itc.it/intro/general.php) 和 [nip2](http://www.vips.ecs.soton.ac.uk/index.php?title=Nip2) 来完成工作。GRASS GIS 是目前自由/开源 GIS 中最成熟的项目(应该不用加“之一”了吧)。以前我用它做过一个简单的模型输出可视化,但没注意到它还有处理遥感图像的功能。看了它的手册和一些搜索之后,结论是它可以用来做几何与大气校正、合成和分类,虽然分类的算法可能没有商业软件包那么多样,不过理论上说可以自己写个实现,已经有人做出了[神经网络分类方法的实现](http://www.ncgia.ucsb.edu/conf/SANTA_FE_CD-ROM/sf_papers/muttiah_ranjan/muttiah.html)。
nip2 是 [VIPS](http://www.vips.ecs.soton.ac.uk/index.php?title=VIPS) 库的一个前端,号称是介于 Photoshop 与 Excel 之间的图像处理软件。其特点是可以用控件和脚本结合对图像方便地进行复杂的处理。虽然它的设计似乎并没有特别考虑地学应用的需要,但它有一个非常吸引人的特性,就是对大图像的处理速度非常快,而且可以处理大于内存容量的图像。我准备用它来处理观测角度与读数关系不大的图像,也可能用它来做分割和组合。
如果两周后我觉得这两个软件用得比较顺手,可能会一直用它们完成论文。商业软件包确实易用,能够节省一些学习和适应的时间,但我觉得用自由/开源的软件能让自己对 under the hood 的东西了解更多一些,而且现在掌握了 GRASS GIS 以后还可以很快上手 ERDAS Imagine,反之则不然。
在 [http://opensourcegis.org/](http://opensourcegis.org/) 上给出了一个比较全面的与 GIS/RS 有关的自由/开源项目的列表,虽然其中成气候的项目还很少,而且像 Imagemagick 和 Free Type 这样的通用项目都列上去了,不过这方面的开发工作确实比我想象的更多。在 [GDAL](http://www.gdal.org/) 出来后出现了很多 GIS 项目,但地学图像处理方面的软件相对还是很缺乏。
一番比较后我决定使用 [GRASS GIS](http://grass.itc.it/intro/general.php) 和 [nip2](http://www.vips.ecs.soton.ac.uk/index.php?title=Nip2) 来完成工作。GRASS GIS 是目前自由/开源 GIS 中最成熟的项目(应该不用加“之一”了吧)。以前我用它做过一个简单的模型输出可视化,但没注意到它还有处理遥感图像的功能。看了它的手册和一些搜索之后,结论是它可以用来做几何与大气校正、合成和分类,虽然分类的算法可能没有商业软件包那么多样,不过理论上说可以自己写个实现,已经有人做出了[神经网络分类方法的实现](http://www.ncgia.ucsb.edu/conf/SANTA_FE_CD-ROM/sf_papers/muttiah_ranjan/muttiah.html)。
nip2 是 [VIPS](http://www.vips.ecs.soton.ac.uk/index.php?title=VIPS) 库的一个前端,号称是介于 Photoshop 与 Excel 之间的图像处理软件。其特点是可以用控件和脚本结合对图像方便地进行复杂的处理。虽然它的设计似乎并没有特别考虑地学应用的需要,但它有一个非常吸引人的特性,就是对大图像的处理速度非常快,而且可以处理大于内存容量的图像。我准备用它来处理观测角度与读数关系不大的图像,也可能用它来做分割和组合。
如果两周后我觉得这两个软件用得比较顺手,可能会一直用它们完成论文。商业软件包确实易用,能够节省一些学习和适应的时间,但我觉得用自由/开源的软件能让自己对 under the hood 的东西了解更多一些,而且现在掌握了 GRASS GIS 以后还可以很快上手 ERDAS Imagine,反之则不然。
Labels:
遥感图像,
GRASS,
Happy Hacking,
remote sensing,
Work Log
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